CIVILIZATION DOSSIER
Duke Xian of Jin晋献公
Ruler of the state of Jin, participated in the royal rescue, later enfeoffed with the vassal territory of Henei.
- DIRECT FIGURES
- 17
- RELATION RECORDS
- 31
- SOURCE WORKS
- 9
RELATIONSHIP COMPASS
Duke Xian of Jin, and the people around them.
Open one chapter at a time. Each chapter gives the relationship first, then the source text behind it.
01KINSHIPKinship
Blood, marriage and sworn bonds
9 figures · 10 records+
Kinship
Blood, marriage and sworn bonds
Duke Xian of JinisDuke Wen of Jin’s father
Duke Xian of Jin—Li Jifavor
Duke Xian of JinisShensheng’s father
Duke Xian of JinisYiwu’s father
02ALLEGIANCEAllegiance
Rulers, appointments and allegiance
8 figures · 10 records+
Allegiance
Rulers, appointments and allegiance
Xun Xi→Duke Xian of Jinoffer plan
Li Ke→Duke Xian of Jinadmonish
Duke Xian of Jin→Duke Wen of Jinreside
Duke Xian of Jin→Shenshenggrant clothes and jade
03CONFLICTConflict
Battles, captures and defeat
11 figures · 11 records+
Conflict
Battles, captures and defeat
Duke Xian of Jin→Duke Wen of Jinpursue and capture
Duke Huan of Qi→Duke Xian of Jinalliance meeting
Duke Xian of Jin—Duke Mu of Qinally
Duke Xian of Jin→Duke of Guoattack
12 key relationships are shown here. The complete record remains below.
In history · Records of the Grand Historian
Son of Duke Wu of Jin, named Guizhu, doted on Li Ji. Ruler of Jin, muddled and deluded. Destroyed Yu and Guo, captured Baili Xi.
In fiction · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms · Discourses of the States · Strategies of the Warring States · In Search of the Supernatural · New Book of Tang · Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition · Book of Han · Bamboo Annals
Ruler of the state of Jin, participated in the royal rescue, later enfeoffed with the vassal territory of Henei. Ruler of Jin, doted on Li Ji, established Xiqi. Ruler of Jin, went to a meeting but did not arrive in time, fell ill and died on the way back.
Across source works
How this figure changes across texts
Works are shown side by side, not as a chronology. No influence between texts is inferred.
- Literature / legend7 profile notes
Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms
15 relations21 verified quotations- Duke Xian of Jin→ father-son →Duke Wen of Jin
- Duke Xian of Jin→ pursue and capture →Duke Wen of Jin
- Duke Xian of Jin→ father-son →Shensheng
- Duke Xian of Jin→ attack →Shensheng
Verified original text · 21
使重耳居蒲
father-son · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 20
公子重耳
father-son · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 27
19 more verified quotations in the relationship records below.
- Official history4 profile notes
Discourses of the States
10 relations12 verified quotations- Duke Xian of Jin→ father-son →Duke Wen of Jin
- Duke Xian of Jin→ pursue and capture →Duke Wen of Jin
- Duke Xian of Jin→ father-son →Shensheng
- Duke Xian of Jin→ grant clothes and jade →Shensheng
Verified original text · 12
又城蒲,公子重耳处焉
father-son · Discourses of the States, 晋语一
公令阉楚刺重耳
令刺 · Discourses of the States, 晋语二
10 more verified quotations in the relationship records below.
- Official history3 profile notes
Book of Han
0 relations0 verified quotations - Official history9 profile notes
Records of the Grand Historian
11 relations11 verified quotations- Duke Xian of Jin→ father-son →Duke Wen of Jin
- Duke Xian of Jin→ father-son →Duke Hui of Jin
- Duke Xian of Jin→ father-son →Shensheng
- Duke Xian of Jin→ father-son →Yiwu
Verified original text · 11
重耳居蒲城
father-son · Records of the Grand Historian, 十二诸侯年表
夷吾居屈
father-son · Records of the Grand Historian, 十二诸侯年表
9 more verified quotations in the relationship records below.
- Literature / legend1 profile notes
In Search of the Supernatural
0 relations0 verified quotations - Official history1 profile notes
New Book of Tang
0 relations0 verified quotations - Official history1 profile notes
Strategies of the Warring States
2 relations2 verified quotations- Xun Xi→ offer plan →Duke Xian of Jin
- Duke Xian of Jin→ scheme →Zhou Zhiqiao
Verified original text · 2
荀息曰
offer plan · Strategies of the Warring States, 秦/一
夫晋献公欲伐郭,而惮舟之侨
scheme · Strategies of the Warring States, 秦/一
- Official history3 profile notes
Bamboo Annals
1 relations1 verified quotations- Duke Xian of Jin→ kill →Li Ke
Verified original text · 1
晋杀里克
kill · Bamboo Annals, 今本-晋纪
- Official history13 profile notes
Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition
13 relations18 verified quotations- Duke Xian of Jin→ reside →Duke Wen of Jin
- Duke Huan of Qi→ alliance meeting →Duke Xian of Jin
- Duke Xian of Jin→ ally →Duke Mu of Qin
- Duke Xian of Jin→ father-son →Shensheng
Verified original text · 18
重耳居蒲城
reside · Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 9
齐侯盟诸侯于葵丘
alliance meeting · Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 12
16 more verified quotations in the relationship records below.
History vs. fiction
In the official history, Duke Xian of Jin doted on Li Ji and, believing her slander about poisoned wine and sacrificial meat, forced Crown Prince Shensheng to kill himself. The novel faithfully dramatizes this calamity.
- attestedDuke Xian of Jin believed Li Ji's slander and forced Crown Prince Shensheng to commit suicide.
According to the Records of the Grand Historian, 'The Hereditary House of Jin', Duke Xian of Jin was infatuated with Li Ji and wanted to make Xiqi his heir. Crown Prince Shensheng offered sacrificial meat to his father. 'When Duke Xian was out hunting, the meat was placed in the palace. Li Ji had poison put in the meat.' When the Duke tested it, a dog died and a servant died, so he became intent on killing Shensheng, who hanged himself. In the Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, chapter 27, it is written that Shensheng presented the meat, and 'Li Ji put poison in the wine and smeared poison on the meat.' When the Duke saw the dog die from eating the meat, he ordered a strongman to smash the original bearer with a hammer. Shensheng, without defending himself, took his own life. The plot is consistent with the official history.
Relationship network
- father-sonDuke Xian of Jin → Duke Wen of Jinhist × litChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 20Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 27Records of the Grand Historian, 十二诸侯年表Records of the Grand Historian, 晋世家Discourses of the States, 晋语一
Original text (4)
- pursue and captureDuke Xian of Jin → Duke Wen of JinlitChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 27Discourses of the States, 晋语二
Original text (2)
擒拿公子重耳
公令阉楚刺重耳
Original relation: 令刺 · Discourses of the States, 晋语二
Original text (1)
Original text (2)
齐侯盟诸侯于葵丘
齐侯以诸侯之师伐晋
Original relation: 伐晋 · Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 12
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
- father-sonDuke Xian of Jin → Shenshenghist × litChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 20Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 25Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 27Records of the Grand Historian, 十二诸侯年表Discourses of the States, 晋语一Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 11
Original text (7)
立申生为世子
献公曰:“申生仁于民,岂反不仁父乎?”
太子申生
献公将黜太子申生
公说。是故使申生伐东山
太子申生居曲沃
晋侯杀其世子申生。
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
衣之偏裻之衣,佩之以金玦
- attackDuke Xian of Jin → Duke of GuolitChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 25Discourses of the States, 晋语二
Original text (2)
献公谋欲伐虢
献公问卜偃攻虢何月
Original relation: attack · Discourses of the States, 晋语二
- father-sonDuke Xian of Jin → Yiwuhist × litChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 27Records of the Grand Historian, 晋世家Discourses of the States, 晋语一
Original text (3)
- pursue and captureDuke Xian of Jin → YiwulitChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 27Discourses of the States, 晋语二
Original text (2)
擒拿公子夷吾
令贾华刺夷吾
Original relation: 令刺 · Discourses of the States, 晋语二
Original text (1)
- admonish← Li Ke → Duke Xian of Jinhist × litRecords of the Grand Historian, 晋世家Discourses of the States, 晋语一Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 11
Original text (3)
里克谏曰:“臣闻皋落氏将战
里克谏献公曰:“太子奉冢祀社稷之粢盛
Original relation: remonstrate · Records of the Grand Historian, 晋世家
晋里克、荀息帅师会虞师
Original relation: serve as subject · Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 11
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
曰:“寡人有子九人,尚未定孰为太子,卿勿多言!”
Original text (1)
虏虞君与其大夫百里傒
- favorDuke Xian of Jin → Li Jihist × litChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 25Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 27Records of the Grand Historian, 晋世家Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 9Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 11
Original text (6)
话说晋献公内蛊于骊姬
骊姬坐于足
Original relation: spouse · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 27
得骊姬、骊姬弟,倶爱幸之。
骊戎男女以骊姬
Original relation: accept · Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 9
晋献公欲以骊姬为夫人
Original relation: 欲立夫人 · Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 11
姬谓大子曰:“君梦齐姜,必速祭之!”
Original text (2)
骊姬生奚齐,其娣生卓子。
骊姬谓公曰
Original text (1)
- offer plan← Xun Xi → Duke Xian of Jinhist × litChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 25Records of the Grand Historian, 十二诸侯年表Records of the Grand Historian, 晋世家Strategies of the Warring States, 秦/一Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 11
Original text (6)
荀息对曰:“臣闻虢公淫于色
荀息左手托璧,右手牵马而前曰:“臣谋已行,今请还璧于府,还马于厩。”
Original relation: 归还 · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 25
荀息以币假道
Original relation: subordinate · Records of the Grand Historian, 十二诸侯年表
荀息曰:“吾不可负先君言。”
Original relation: pledge loyalty · Records of the Grand Historian, 晋世家
荀息曰
乃使荀息假道于虞
Original relation: serve as subject · Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 11
- orphan entrustDuke Xian of Jin → Xun Xihist × litChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 27Records of the Grand Historian, 晋世家
Original text (2)
Original text (1)
夫晋献公欲伐郭,而惮舟之侨
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
- father-sonDuke Xian of Jin → Crown Prince Shenshenghist × litRecords of the Grand Historian, 晋世家Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 10
Original text (1)
晋侯使大子申生伐东山皋落氏
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
- father-sonDuke Xian of Jin → Xi QilitChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 27Discourses of the States, 晋语一Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 11
Original text (4)
- father-daughterDuke Xian of Jin → Mu JilitCorrect Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 11Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 13
Original text (3)
Original text (1)
命以后车,载虞公宿于军中