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Duke Huan of Qi齐桓公
A prince of Qi, born of a Ju woman, later enthroned as Duke Huan of Qi.
- DIRECT FIGURES
- 31
- RELATION RECORDS
- 47
- SOURCE WORKS
- 12
RELATIONSHIP COMPASS
Duke Huan of Qi, and the people around them.
Open one chapter at a time. Each chapter gives the relationship first, then the source text behind it.
01MENTORSHIPMentorship
Teachers, disciples and transmission
1 figure · 1 record+
Mentorship
Teachers, disciples and transmission
Bao Shuya—Duke Huan of Qimaster
02KINSHIPKinship
Blood, marriage and sworn bonds
6 figures · 7 records+
Kinship
Blood, marriage and sworn bonds
Duke Huan of Qi—Duke Wen of Jinmarry daughter
Duke Xiang of QiisDuke Huan of Qi’s father
Duke Huan of Lu—Duke Huan of Qisame birthday
03ALLEGIANCEAllegiance
Rulers, appointments and allegiance
12 figures · 15 records+
Allegiance
Rulers, appointments and allegiance
Duke Huan of QiisGuan Zhong’s ruler
Duke Huan of Qi—Bao Shuyaruler-subject
Duke Huan of Qi→Duke Zhuang of Lumeet alliance
04CONFLICTConflict
Battles, captures and defeat
10 figures · 12 records+
Conflict
Battles, captures and defeat
Guan Zhong→Duke Huan of Qishoot hook
Duke Huan of Qi—King Cheng of Chuhostile
Confucius→Duke Huan of Qimock dual master
05THE UNSEENMythic acts
Transformation, aid and divine punishment
5 figures · 5 records+
Mythic acts
Transformation, aid and divine punishment
Duke Huan of Qi→Duke Wen of Jincourteous reception
Duke Li of Zheng→Duke Huan of Qirestored with help
12 key relationships are shown here. The complete record remains below.
In history · Records of the Three Kingdoms · Records of the Grand Historian · Old Book of Tang
Ruler of Qi, kidnapped by Cao Mo, promised to return invaded lands. Hegemonic leader in Spring and Autumn, pacified the Rong for the Zhou king. Ruler of Qi, first hegemon, convened feudal lords.
In fiction · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms · Liezi · Records of Myriad Things · Book of the Later Han · Discourses of the States · Extensive Records of the Taiping Era · Strategies of the Warring States · New Book of Tang · Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition
A prince of Qi, born of a Ju woman, later enthroned as Duke Huan of Qi. Ruler of Qi, used Guan Zhong to achieve hegemony. Ruler of Qi, after defeat at the Battle of Changshao, heavily relied on Guan Zhong.
Across source works
How this figure changes across texts
Works are shown side by side, not as a chronology. No influence between texts is inferred.
- Literature / legend1 profile notes
Records of Myriad Things
0 relations0 verified quotations - Literature / legend25 profile notes
Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms
25 relations43 verified quotations- Duke Huan of Qi→ courteous reception →Duke Wen of Jin
- Duke of Zheng→ thank →Duke Huan of Qi
- Duke Wen of Song→ request alliance →Duke Huan of Qi
- Duke Huan of Qi→ attack Song →Duke Wen of Song
Verified original text · 43
齐桓公素闻重耳贤名,一知公子进关,即遣使往郊,迎入公馆
courteous reception · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 31
郑伯感齐不听子华之德,再遣孔叔如齐致谢
thank · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 24
41 more verified quotations in the relationship records below.
- Official history5 profile notes
Discourses of the States
6 relations7 verified quotations- Duke Wen of Jin→ father-in-law son-in-law →Duke Huan of Qi
- Duke Huan of Qi→ ruler-subject →Guan Zhong
- Guan Zhong→ shoot hook →Duke Huan of Qi
- Duke Huan of Qi→ enfeoff →Gongzi Shen
Verified original text · 7
齐侯妻之
father-in-law son-in-law · Discourses of the States, 晋语四
管仲贼桓公而卒以为侯伯
appoint minister · Discourses of the States, 晋语四
5 more verified quotations in the relationship records below.
- Official history11 profile notes
Book of Han
0 relations0 verified quotations - Official history10 profile notes
Book of the Later Han
0 relations0 verified quotations - Official history5 profile notes
Old Book of Tang
1 relations1 verified quotations- Confucius→ mock dual master →Duke Huan of Qi
Verified original text · 1
昔齐桓公作二主,夫子讥之
mock dual master · Old Book of Tang, 礼仪志六
- Literature / legend1 profile notes
Liezi
0 relations0 verified quotations - Official history2 profile notes
Records of the Three Kingdoms
0 relations0 verified quotations - Official history23 profile notes
Records of the Grand Historian
11 relations12 verified quotations- Duke Huan of Qi→ marry daughter →Duke Wen of Jin
- Duke Huan of Qi→ courteous reception →Duke Wen of Jin
- Duke Huan of Qi→ hostile →King Cheng of Chu
- Duke Huan of Qi→ ruler-subject →Guan Zhong
Verified original text · 12
以宗女妻之
marry daughter · Records of the Grand Historian, 晋世家
晋公子重耳来,桓公妻之
marry her · Records of the Grand Historian, 齐太公世家
10 more verified quotations in the relationship records below.
- Literature / legend5 profile notes
Extensive Records of the Taiping Era
0 relations0 verified quotations - Official history5 profile notes
New Book of Tang
0 relations0 verified quotations - Official history7 profile notes
Strategies of the Warring States
4 relations3 verified quotations- Duke Huan of Qi→ revere →King Xiang of Zhou
- Guan Zhong→ assist →Duke Huan of Qi
- Guan Zhong→ shoot hook →Duke Huan of Qi
- Duke Huan of Qi→ appoint prime minister →Guan Yiwu
Verified original text · 3
未尝不以周襄王之命
revere · Strategies of the Warring States, 韩/三
昔管仲射桓公中钩
shoot hook · Strategies of the Warring States, 齐/六
1 more verified quotation in the relationship records below.
- Official history2 profile notes
Bamboo Annals
0 relations0 verified quotations - Official history24 profile notes
Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition
10 relations8 verified quotations- Duke Wen of Jin→ father-in-law son-in-law →Duke Huan of Qi
- Duke Huan of Qi→ alliance meeting →Duke Xian of Jin
- Duke Huan of Qi→ attack Zheng →Duke Wen of Zheng
- Duke Huan of Qi→ ruler-subject →Guan Zhong
Verified original text · 8
齐桓公妻之
受妻 · Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 14
齐侯盟诸侯于葵丘
alliance meeting · Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 12
6 more verified quotations in the relationship records below.
History vs. fiction
The tragic end of Duke Huan of Qi in his later years
Both the Records of the Grand Historian, Hereditary House of Qi, and the Guanzi record that after Duke Huan's death, 'the five sons fought each other... Duke Huan's corpse lay on the bed for sixty-seven days, flesh and skin rotted and stank, maggots crawled out of the door.' The novel's depiction of the tragic end of the once-overlord is a cruel true record of official history.
Relationship network
To keep this page fast, the 40 most important records are shown here.View all 47 relationships in the atlas →
Original text (1)
昔齐桓公作二主,夫子讥之
- father-in-law son-in-law← Duke Wen of Jin → Duke Huan of QilitDiscourses of the States, 晋语四Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 14
Original text (2)
齐侯妻之
齐桓公妻之
Original relation: 受妻 · Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 14
- marry daughterDuke Huan of Qi → Duke Wen of JinhistRecords of the Grand Historian, 晋世家Records of the Grand Historian, 齐太公世家
Original text (2)
以宗女妻之
晋公子重耳来,桓公妻之
Original relation: marry her · Records of the Grand Historian, 齐太公世家
- courteous receptionDuke Huan of Qi → Duke Wen of Jinhist × litChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 31Records of the Grand Historian, 晋世家
Original text (2)
齐桓公素闻重耳贤名,一知公子进关,即遣使往郊,迎入公馆
齐桓公厚礼
Original relation: treat generously · Records of the Grand Historian, 晋世家
Original text (1)
郑伯感齐不听子华之德,再遣孔叔如齐致谢
Original text (2)
齐侯盟诸侯于葵丘
齐侯以诸侯之师伐晋
Original relation: 伐晋 · Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 12
- request alliance← Duke Wen of Song → Duke Huan of QilitChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 18
Original text (1)
宋公大悦,乃遣使随甯戚至齐军中请成
Original text (1)
- hostileDuke Huan of Qi → King Cheng of Chuhist × litChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 23Records of the Grand Historian, 十二诸侯年表Records of the Grand Historian, 楚世家Records of the Grand Historian, 齐太公世家
Original text (4)
桓公曰:“寡人当先取舒国,以剪楚翼。”
遂伐楚
Original relation: attack · Records of the Grand Historian, 十二诸侯年表
齐桓公以兵侵楚
Original relation: invade · Records of the Grand Historian, 楚世家
齐桓公率诸侯伐蔡,蔡溃。遂伐楚
Original relation: attack · Records of the Grand Historian, 齐太公世家
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
夏,诸侯伐郑,以其逃首止之盟故也。
- request alliance← Duke Wen of Zheng → Duke Huan of QilitChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 19
Original text (1)
郑文公见齐势愈大,恐其侵伐,遂遗使请盟。
- ruler-subjectDuke Huan of Qi → Guan Zhonghist × litChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 17Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 18Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 20Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 21Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 23Records of the Grand Historian, 范睢蔡泽列传Records of the Grand Historian, 齐太公世家Discourses of the States, 晋语四Discourses of the States, 齐语Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 7Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 13Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 45
Original text (8)
乃委国管仲
Original relation: entrust state · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 17
桓公大悦。于是遣使至洛阳朝贺釐王
管仲毋忘槛囚
Original relation: employ · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 20
问管仲
Original relation: ask plan · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 20
齐桓公问于管仲
桓公曰:“江黄二国,不堪楚暴,遣使纳款,寡人欲与会盟,伐楚之日,约为内应,何如?”管仲曰:
管仲贼桓公而卒以为侯伯
Original relation: appoint minister · Discourses of the States, 晋语四
桓公召管子而谋
- assist← Guan Zhong → Duke Huan of Qihist × litChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 18Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 19Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 20Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 21Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 22Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 23Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 24Records of the Grand Historian, 刺客列传Records of the Grand Historian, 管晏列传Strategies of the Warring States, 东周Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 12Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 16
Original text (8)
管仲对曰:“当今诸侯,强于齐者甚众
管仲奏曰
管仲对曰
Original relation: offer plan · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 20
管仲保著桓公
管仲与诸大夫问疾
Original relation: subordinate · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 22
管仲进曰:“君数年以来,救燕存鲁,城邢封卫,恩德加于百姓,大义布于诸侯,若欲用诸侯之兵,此其时矣。
Original relation: offer strategy · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 23
管仲连声曰:“不可,不可!
Original relation: admonish · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 24
管仲从旁进曰
Original relation: admonish · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 24
- shoot hook← Guan Zhong → Duke Huan of Qihist × litRecords of the Grand Historian, 齐太公世家Discourses of the States, 晋语四Strategies of the Warring States, 齐/六Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 16
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是其生也,与吾同物,命之曰同。
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蔡穆公以其妹嫁桓公为第三夫人
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
- meet alliance← Duke Zhuang of Lu → Duke Huan of QilitChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 19
Original text (1)
齐桓公复同鲁庄公合兵伐徐,伐戎
Original text (1)
齐侯握其手,谆谆以公子昭嘱之
- restored with help← Duke Li of Zheng → Duke Huan of QilitChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 19
Original text (1)
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Original text (1)
齐桓公闻晋内乱,亦率诸侯如晋。
Original text (1)
立公孙申以寄于曹
- ruler-subjectDuke Huan of Qi → Bao ShuyalitChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 17Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 20Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 24Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 30Discourses of the States, 齐语Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 46
Original text (6)
桓公许之
桓公遽起离席再拜曰
Original relation: accept advice · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 20
鲍叔牙问于管仲
于是使鲍叔牙代朋之位。
Original relation: appoint · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 30
唯能用管夷吾、甯戚、隰朋、宾胥无、鲍叔牙之属
Original relation: employ · Discourses of the States, 齐语
有鲍叔牙、宾须无、隰朋以为辅佐
Original relation: assist · Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 46
- assist← Bao Shuya → Duke Huan of QilitChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 15Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 31Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 32Discourses of the States, 鲁语上Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 7
Original text (5)
鲍叔牙奉桓公亲将中军
鲍叔牙谏曰
Original relation: admonish · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 31
鲍叔牙谏诤不从
Original relation: remonstrate · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 32
鲍叔牙曰:“君使民慢,乱将作矣。”奉公子小白奔莒。
奉公子小白出奔莒
Original text (1)
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夫人,文姜,齐桓公姊妹
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遗以良马一乘,祭服五称
城楚邱以存卫
Original relation: enfeoff Wei · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 23
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
陈宣公杵臼,邾子克二君继到
- appoint prime ministerDuke Huan of Qi → Guan YiwulitChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 16Strategies of the Warring States, 齐/六
Original text (2)
遂拜管夷吾为相国
桓公得管夷吾以为仲父
Original relation: employ · Strategies of the Warring States, 齐/六
Original text (1)