CIVILIZATION DOSSIER
Huang Zhong黄忠
One of the Five Tiger Generals of Shu Han, old but vigorous, brave and skilled in archery.
- DIRECT FIGURES
- 13
- RELATION RECORDS
- 16
- SOURCE WORKS
- 3
RELATIONSHIP COMPASS
Huang Zhong, and the people around them.
Open one chapter at a time. Each chapter gives the relationship first, then the source text behind it.
01ALLEGIANCEAllegiance
Rulers, appointments and allegiance
4 figures · 4 records＋
Allegiance
Rulers, appointments and allegiance
Liu BeiisHuang Zhong’s ruler
Zhuge Liang→Huang Zhongprovoke
Huang Zhong—Liu Fengcolleague
Yan Yan—Huang Zhongcolleague
02CONFLICTConflict
Battles, captures and defeat
9 figures · 10 records＋
Conflict
Battles, captures and defeat
Guan Yu→Huang Zhongrelease honorably
Huang Zhong→Xiahou Yuanslay
Liu Bei→Huang Zhongslip
Source record
Zhao Yun→Huang Zhongquestion
Read the original source
赵云谏曰：“今张郃亲犯葭萌关，军师休为儿戏。若葭萌关一失，益州危矣。何故以二老将当此大敌乎？”
Huang Zhong→Xu Huangpincer
Huang Zhong—Zhang Hebattle
03THE UNSEENMythic acts
Transformation, aid and divine punishment
2 figures · 2 records＋
Mythic acts
Transformation, aid and divine punishment
Zhao Yun→Huang Zhongrescue
Huang Zhong→Wei Yansave
12 key relationships are shown here. The complete record remains below.
In history · Records of the Three Kingdoms
A famous general of Shu Han, he killed Xiahou Yuan at Mount Dingjun.
In fiction · Romance of the Three Kingdoms · Book of the Later Han
Originally a general defending Changsha, Huang Zhong later surrendered to Liu Bei. He once shot and killed Deng Xian to save Wei Yan, used a strategy of arrogance to defeat the enemy, and killed Xiahou Yuan. Later he was ranked among the Five Tiger Generals. He died from an arrow wound during the campaign against Wu.
Across source works
How this figure changes across texts
Works are shown side by side, not as a chronology. No influence between texts is inferred.
- Official history1 profile notes
Book of the Later Han
0 relations0 verified quotations - Literature / legend16 profile notes
Romance of the Three Kingdoms
16 relations22 verified quotations- Liu Bei→ ruler-subject →Huang Zhong
- Liu Bei→ slip →Huang Zhong
- Zhuge Liang→ provoke →Huang Zhong
- Guan Yu→ release honorably →Huang Zhong
Verified original text · 22
黄忠为征西将军
appoint · Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 65
玄德曰：“人皆言将军老矣，惟军师独知将军之能。今果立奇功
ruler-subject · Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 70
20 more verified quotations in the relationship records below.
- Official history6 profile notes
Records of the Three Kingdoms
3 relations6 verified quotations- Liu Bei→ ruler-subject →Huang Zhong
- Guan Yu→ release honorably →Huang Zhong
- Huang Zhong→ slay →Xiahou Yuan
Verified original text · 6
先主命黄忠乘高鼓噪攻之
subordinate general · Records of the Three Kingdoms, 蜀书·先主传
先主命黄忠乘高鼓噪攻之
command · Records of the Three Kingdoms, 蜀书·庞统法正传
4 more verified quotations in the relationship records below.
History vs. fiction
The cause and time of Huang Zhong's death
- novel inventionHow did Huang Zhong die?
In official history, Huang Zhong died of illness, and there is no mention of his participation in the Battle of Yiling. For example, Records of the Three Kingdoms, Book of Shu, Biographies of Guan, Zhang, Ma, Huang, and Zhao records: 'In the 24th year of Jian'an, the Former Lord became King of Hanzhong and appointed him General of the Rear, granting him the title of Marquis of Guannei. He died the following year, and was posthumously conferred the title of Marquis Gang.' However, the novel, to add tragic heroism, places his death in the campaign against Wu, as in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Chapter 83: 'On the hillside, Ma Zhong led a troop out, and an arrow struck Huang Zhong in the shoulder socket... That night he died in the imperial camp.'
Relationship network
- ruler-subject← Liu Bei → Huang Zhonghist × litRecords of the Three Kingdoms, 蜀书·先主传Records of the Three Kingdoms, 蜀书·关张马黄赵传Records of the Three Kingdoms, 蜀书·庞统法正传Records of the Three Kingdoms, 蜀书·邓张宗杨传Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 53Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 60Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 65Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 70Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 71Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 73Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 81Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 83
Original text (8)
黄忠为征西将军
Original relation: appoint · Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 65
玄德曰：“人皆言将军老矣，惟军师独知将军之能。今果立奇功
加忠为征西大将军
Original relation: confer title · Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 71
黄忠为五虎大将
黄忠为前部先锋
先主御驾自来看视，抚其背曰
先主命黄忠乘高鼓噪攻之
Original relation: subordinate general · Records of the Three Kingdoms, 蜀书·先主传
先主命黄忠乘高鼓噪攻之
Original relation: command · Records of the Three Kingdoms, 蜀书·庞统法正传
- provoke← Zhuge Liang → Huang ZhonglitRomance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 70Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 71Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 91
Original text (3)
孔明曰：“将军年近七十，如何不老？”
你可与赵子龙同领一枝兵去
Original relation: dispatch · Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 71
后夏侯渊为黄忠所斩
Original relation: subordinate · Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 91
- release honorably← Guan Yu → Huang Zhonghist × litRecords of the Three Kingdoms, 蜀书·霍王向张杨费传Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 53
Original text (2)
我且饶你性命！快换马来厮杀！
羽闻黄忠为后将军，（羽）怒曰
Original relation: dissatisfied · Records of the Three Kingdoms, 蜀书·霍王向张杨费传
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
赵云谏曰：“今张郃亲犯葭萌关，军师休为儿戏。若葭萌关一失，益州危矣。何故以二老将当此大敌乎？”
Original text (1)
云救出黄忠，且战且走
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
黄忠领兵左出，赵云领兵右出。两下夹攻，徐晃大败。
Original text (1)
忠怒曰：“竖子欺我年老！吾手中宝刀却不老！”遂拍马向前与郃决战。
- slayHuang Zhong → Xiahou Yuanhist × litRecords of the Three Kingdoms, 蜀书·先主传Records of the Three Kingdoms, 蜀书·关张马黄赵传Records of the Three Kingdoms, 蜀书·庞统法正传Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 71
Original text (4)
黄忠宝刀已落，连头带肩，砍为两段
斩渊及曹公所署益州刺史赵颙等
一战斩渊
大破渊军，渊等授首
Original text (1)
忠与封相见，问刘封曰：“小将军来助战何意？”
Original text (1)
忠奋力恶战，璋料敌不过，拨马便走。
Original text (1)
只一合，生擒夏侯尚归寨
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
严颜曰：“愿听将军之令。”