CIVILIZATION DOSSIER
King Huai of Chu楚怀王
Monarch of the state of Chu, served as leader of the Vertical Alliance, but failed in attacking Qin.
- DIRECT FIGURES
- 13
- RELATION RECORDS
- 18
- SOURCE WORKS
- 3
RELATIONSHIP COMPASS
King Huai of Chu, and the people around them.
Open one chapter at a time. Each chapter gives the relationship first, then the source text behind it.
01KINSHIPKinship
Blood, marriage and sworn bonds
1 figure · 1 record＋
Kinship
Blood, marriage and sworn bonds
King Wei of Chu—King Huai of Chufather-son
02ALLEGIANCEAllegiance
Rulers, appointments and allegiance
7 figures · 8 records＋
Allegiance
Rulers, appointments and allegiance
Chen Zhen→King Huai of Churemonstrate
King Huai of Chu→Zhang Yigive seal of prime minister
King Huai of Chu→King Zhaoxiang of Qinmeet alliance
King Huai of Chu→Lord Mengchangbefriend
Gan Mao→King Huai of Chugo on mission
Xiang Shou→King Huai of Chugo on mission
03CONFLICTConflict
Battles, captures and defeat
7 figures · 9 records＋
Conflict
Battles, captures and defeat
Zhang Yi→King Huai of Chudeceive
King Zhaoxiang of Qin→King Huai of Chudetain
King Min of Qi→King Huai of Chusend letter
Bai Qi→King Huai of Chuescort under guard
King Huai of Chu→King Wuling of Zhaoseek return
12 key relationships are shown here. The complete record remains below.
In history · Records of the Grand Historian
Monarch of Chu, deceived by Zhang Yi when he was prime minister of Qin. Son of King Wei, succeeded as King Huai, was deceived by Zhang Yi. King of Chu, deceived by Qin, died as a guest in Qin.
In fiction · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms · Strategies of the Warring States
Monarch of Chu, served as leader of the Vertical Alliance, but failed in attacking Qin. King of Chu, leader of the Vertical Alliance, deceived by Zhang Yi, later angrily attacked Qin. Ruler of Chu, angered by Zhang Yi's deception and wanted to kill him, but later released Zhang Yi after listening to Zheng Xiu and Jin Shang.
Across source works
How this figure changes across texts
Works are shown side by side, not as a chronology. No influence between texts is inferred.
- Literature / legend5 profile notes
Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms
8 relations10 verified quotations- Zhang Yi→ deceive →King Huai of Chu
- King Huai of Chu→ give seal of prime minister →Zhang Yi
- King Huai of Chu→ befriend →Lord Mengchang
- Bai Qi→ escort under guard →King Huai of Chu
Verified original text · 10
张仪乃遣人致书怀王
send letter · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 91
臣之此来，欲合秦楚之交耳
deceive · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 91
8 more verified quotations in the relationship records below.
- Official history6 profile notes
Records of the Grand Historian
11 relations14 verified quotations- Zhang Yi→ deceive →King Huai of Chu
- King Huai of Chu→ imprison →Zhang Yi
- King Huai of Chu→ bullied →King Zhaoxiang of Qin
- King Huai of Chu→ meet alliance →King Zhaoxiang of Qin
Verified original text · 14
张仪诈之曰
deceive · Records of the Grand Historian, 屈原贾生列传
臣请献商于之地六百里
deceive · Records of the Grand Historian, 张仪列传
12 more verified quotations in the relationship records below.
- Official history3 profile notes
Strategies of the Warring States
3 relations3 verified quotations- Zhang Yi→ deceive →King Huai of Chu
- King Huai of Chu→ imprison →Zhang Yi
- Chen Zhen→ remonstrate →King Huai of Chu
Verified original text · 3
张仪南见楚王
deceive · Strategies of the Warring States, 秦／二
楚怀王拘张仪
拘 · Strategies of the Warring States, 楚／二
1 more verified quotation in the relationship records below.
History vs. fiction
Regarding the process of King Huai of Chu releasing Zhang Yi, the novel basically follows the historical records, faithfully retaining the key detail of Zheng Xiu's intercession.
In Chapter 92 of Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, after Zhang Yi was imprisoned by King Huai of Chu, "Zhang Yi secretly sent someone to bribe Jin Shang. Jin Shang went in and spoke to Zheng Xiu, saying... Zheng Xiu then wept in the middle of the night and spoke to King Huai... King Huai also grudged the land of Qianzhong and was unwilling to give it to Qin, so he released Zhang Yi." This section conforms to historical facts. The Records of the Grand Historian, 'The Hereditary House of Chu', originally records: "Yi privately contacted Jin Shang, and Jin Shang pleaded for him to King Huai... He also said to Lady Zheng Xiu... Zheng Xiu finally spoke for Zhang Yi to the king and had him released. When Yi came out, King Huai treated him well." The two books agree on this matter.
Relationship network
- deceive← Zhang Yi → King Huai of Chuhist × litChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 91Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 92Records of the Grand Historian, 屈原贾生列传Records of the Grand Historian, 张仪列传Records of the Grand Historian, 楚世家Strategies of the Warring States, 秦／二
Original text (8)
张仪乃遣人致书怀王
Original relation: send letter · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 91
臣之此来，欲合秦楚之交耳
恨张仪欺诈
Original relation: 欺诈 · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 92
张仪诈之曰
臣请献商于之地六百里
张仪至秦，详醉坠车，称病不出三月，地不可得。
王欺於张仪，亡地汉中
张仪南见楚王
- imprisonKing Huai of Chu → Zhang Yihist × litRecords of the Grand Historian, 张仪列传Strategies of the Warring States, 楚／二
Original text (2)
楚怀王至则囚张仪
楚怀王拘张仪
Original relation: 拘 · Strategies of the Warring States, 楚／二
- give seal of prime ministerKing Huai of Chu → Zhang YilitChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 91
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
秦诈我而又彊要我以地
Original text (1)
怀王入与秦昭王盟，约於黄棘
Original text (1)
秦因留楚王，要以割巫、黔中之郡
Original text (1)
楚怀王恐齐秦交合，乃遣使厚结于孟尝君
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
齐湣王欲为从长，恶楚之与秦合，乃使使遗楚王书
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
怀王恐，乃从闲道走赵以求归
- remonstrate← Chen Zhen → King Huai of Chuhist × litRecords of the Grand Historian, 张仪列传Strategies of the Warring States, 秦／二
Original text (2)
陈轸对曰：“不然，以臣观之
陈轸谓楚王
Original relation: ruler-subject · Strategies of the Warring States, 秦／二
- imprisonedKing Huai of Chu → King Zhaoxiang of QinlitChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 93
Original text (1)
秦兵追及之，复与泾阳君俱至咸阳。怀王愤甚，呕血斗馀，遂发病，未几而薨。
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
十一年，威王卒，子怀王熊槐立。
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
Original text (1)