CIVILIZATION DOSSIER
Xian Zhen先轸
A senior official of the state of Jin, who followed Chong'er.
- DIRECT FIGURES
- 15
- RELATION RECORDS
- 18
- SOURCE WORKS
- 5
RELATIONSHIP COMPASS
Xian Zhen, and the people around them.
Open one chapter at a time. Each chapter gives the relationship first, then the source text behind it.
01ALLEGIANCEAllegiance
Rulers, appointments and allegiance
11 figures · 13 records＋
Allegiance
Rulers, appointments and allegiance
Duke Wen of Jin—Xian Zhensubordinate
Duke Xiang of Jin→Xian Zhensummon for audience
Xian Zhen—Marquis of Jinsubordinate
Zhao Cui→Xian Zhenrecommend
Xian Zhen→Shi Huicommand
Xian Zhen→Xun Linfucommand
Xian Zhen→Hu Yancommand
02CONFLICTConflict
Battles, captures and defeat
5 figures · 5 records＋
Conflict
Battles, captures and defeat
Xian Zhen→Duke Mu of Qinconfront
Source record
Xian Zhen→Duke Xiang of Jinrebuke
Xian Zhen→Duke Mu of Qindefeat
Xian Zhen→Zi Yudefeat enemy
Xian Zhen→Qin Shiattack
12 key relationships are shown here. The complete record remains below.
In history · Records of the Grand Historian
A worthy scholar of Chong'er, later became a general of Jin, the mastermind behind the Battle of Chengpu. Also, Marshal of Jin, advocated attacking Qin, defeated Qin at Xiao.
In fiction · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms · Discourses of the States · Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition · Bamboo Annals
A senior official of Jin, followed Chong'er. Also, a senior official of Jin, one of the followers in exile. Also, a general of Jin, captured Wulu, later promoted to Marshal.
Across source works
How this figure changes across texts
Works are shown side by side, not as a chronology. No influence between texts is inferred.
- Literature / legend15 profile notes
Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms
11 relations12 verified quotations- Duke Wen of Jin→ subordinate →Xian Zhen
- Xian Zhen→ admonish →Duke Wen of Jin
- Xian Zhen→ command →Shi Hui
- Xian Zhen→ command →Xun Linfu
Verified original text · 12
先轸
subordinate · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 27
文公使先轸再阅兵车
ruler-subject · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 40
10 more verified quotations in the relationship records below.
- Official history3 profile notes
Discourses of the States
3 relations3 verified quotations- Duke Wen of Jin→ subordinate →Xian Zhen
- Zhao Cui→ recommend →Xian Zhen
- Xian Zhen→ defeat enemy →Zi Yu
Verified original text · 3
公说，是故以曹田、卫田赐宋人。
employ · Discourses of the States, 晋语四
先轸有谋，胥臣多闻，皆可以为辅佐，臣弗若也。”
recommend · Discourses of the States, 晋语四
1 more verified quotation in the relationship records below.
- Official history2 profile notes
Records of the Grand Historian
2 relations2 verified quotations- Duke Wen of Jin→ subordinate →Xian Zhen
- Xian Zhen→ defeat →Duke Mu of Qin
Verified original text · 2
有贤士五人：曰
master-servant · Records of the Grand Historian, 晋世家
败秦师于殽
defeat · Records of the Grand Historian, 晋世家
- Official history1 profile notes
Bamboo Annals
1 relations0 verified quotations- Xian Zhen→ confront →Duke Mu of Qin
- Official history8 profile notes
Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition
5 relations5 verified quotations- Duke Wen of Jin→ subordinate →Xian Zhen
- Xian Zhen→ admonish →Duke Wen of Jin
- Xian Zhen→ subordinate →Marquis of Jin
- Xian Zhen→ rebuke →Duke Xiang of Jin
Verified original text · 5
原轸将中军
appoint · Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 15
有栾、郤、狐、先以为内主
subordinate · Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 46
3 more verified quotations in the relationship records below.
History vs. fiction
Xian Zhen's strategies in the battles of Chengpu and Xiao, and his disregard for propriety by spitting
The Zuo Commentary, Duke Xi, 33rd year, records that Xian Zhen, because Duke Xiang released the Qin generals, 'without looking back, spat', and later in the Battle of Ji, feeling he had been discourteous, 'removed his helmet and entered the Di army, and died there.' The depiction in Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms is completely consistent with the official history, highlighting the fierce integrity of the Spring and Autumn period general and minister.
Relationship network
- subordinate← Duke Wen of Jin → Xian Zhenhist × litChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 27Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 40Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 41Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 44Records of the Grand Historian, 晋世家Discourses of the States, 晋语四Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 15Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 46
Original text (7)
先轸
文公使先轸再阅兵车
Original relation: ruler-subject · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 40
晋文公在有莘山上，观见晋兵得胜，忙使人教先轸传谕各军
Original relation: ruler-subject · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 41
公说，是故以曹田、卫田赐宋人。
Original relation: employ · Discourses of the States, 晋语四
有贤士五人：曰
Original relation: master-servant · Records of the Grand Historian, 晋世家
原轸将中军
Original relation: appoint · Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 15
有栾、郤、狐、先以为内主
- admonishXian Zhen → Duke Wen of JinlitChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 39Correct Meaning of the Zuo Tradition, ch. 15
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
先轸曰：“报施救患，取威定霸，于是乎在矣。”
Original text (1)
先轸有谋，胥臣多闻，皆可以为辅佐，臣弗若也。”
Original text (1)
教荀林父士会，各率五千人
Original text (1)
教荀林父士会，各率五千人
- summon for audience← Duke Xiang of Jin → Xian ZhenlitChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 44Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 45
Original text (2)
襄公大惊，即使人召群臣商议
今御翟之举，非卿不可
Original relation: appoint · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 45
- reportXian Zhen → Duke Xiang of JinlitChronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 44Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 45
Original text (2)
先轸预已打听明白，备知秦君袭郑之谋，遂来见襄公
先轸遂请襄公墨缞治兵
Original relation: lord-minister · Chronicles of the Eastern Zhou Kingdoms, ch. 45
Original text (1)
先轸怒曰：“武夫力而拘诸原，妇人暂而免诸国
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