CIVILIZATION DOSSIER
Du Ruhui杜如晦
Scholar, one of the Eighteen Scholars of the Literary Pavilion.
- DIRECT FIGURES
- 8
- RELATION RECORDS
- 15
- SOURCE WORKS
- 5
RELATIONSHIP COMPASS
Du Ruhui, and the people around them.
Open one chapter at a time. Each chapter gives the relationship first, then the source text behind it.
01KINSHIPKinship
Blood, marriage and sworn bonds
2 figures · 2 records＋
Kinship
Blood, marriage and sworn bonds
Du Yan—Du Ruhuiuncle-nephew
Du Yuanying—Du Ruhuififth-generation grandson
02ALLEGIANCEAllegiance
Rulers, appointments and allegiance
2 figures · 4 records＋
Allegiance
Rulers, appointments and allegiance
Li Shimin→Du Ruhuiconfer title
Fang Xuanling—Du Ruhuicolleague
03CONFLICTConflict
Battles, captures and defeat
4 figures · 4 records＋
Conflict
Battles, captures and defeat
Li Shimin→Du Ruhuisuppress
Zhangsun Wuji—Du Ruhuiaccomplice
Read the original source
无忌与尉迟敬德、侯君集、张公谨、刘师立、公孙武达、独孤彦云、杜君绰、郑仁恭、李孟尝讨难
New Book of Tang, 长孙无忌从父 敞从父弟 操子 诠族叔 顺德褚遂良曾 孙璆韩瑗来济异母兄 恒李义琰等传
Xiao Yu→Du Ruhuidiscord
Emperor Gaozu of Han→Du Ruhuiexpel
04THE UNSEENMythic acts
Transformation, aid and divine punishment
4 figures · 5 records＋
Mythic acts
Transformation, aid and divine punishment
Li Shimin→Du Ruhuidream of
Fang Xuanling→Du Ruhuirecommend
Du Ruhui→Yuchi Jingdeget acquainted
Du Ruhui→Du Yansave
12 key relationships are shown here. The complete record remains below.
In history · Old Book of Tang
Scholar, one of the Eighteen Scholars of the Literary Pavilion; important strategist of Emperor Taizong, later enfeoffed as Duke of Cai; Right Vice Director of the Department of State Affairs, Duke of Cai, died.
In fiction · Extensive Records of the Taiping Era · New Book of Tang · Journey to the West · Romance of Sui and Tang
Official of the Sui dynasty, dismissed, later defected to Tang; strategist in the Prince of Qin's mansion, visited Li Jing with Zhangsun Wuji; subordinate of the Prince of Qin, participated in the Xuanwu Gate Incident.
Across source works
How this figure changes across texts
Works are shown side by side, not as a chronology. No influence between texts is inferred.
- Official history21 profile notes
Old Book of Tang
12 relations18 verified quotations- Li Shimin→ confer title →Du Ruhui
- Du Ruhui→ assist →Li Shimin
- Li Shimin→ grant gifts →Du Ruhui
- Li Shimin→ suppress →Du Ruhui
Verified original text · 18
下诏以府属杜如晦等十八人为学士
act as scholar · Old Book of Tang, 儒学传上
行台司勋郎中杜如晦等十有八人为学士
scholar · Old Book of Tang, 太宗本纪上
16 more verified quotations in the relationship records below.
- Literature / legend3 profile notes
Romance of Sui and Tang
2 relations2 verified quotations- Du Ruhui→ assist →Li Shimin
- Du Ruhui→ get acquainted →Yuchi Jingde
Verified original text · 2
杜如晦、长孙无忌排闼而入
assist · Romance of Sui and Tang, 066
杜如晦趋近前举手问道
get acquainted · Romance of Sui and Tang, 046
- Literature / legend4 profile notes
Extensive Records of the Taiping Era
0 relations0 verified quotations - Official history21 profile notes
New Book of Tang
6 relations7 verified quotations- Li Shimin→ confer title →Du Ruhui
- Du Ruhui→ assist →Li Shimin
- Zhangsun Wuji→ accomplice →Du Ruhui
- Fang Xuanling→ colleague →Du Ruhui
Verified original text · 7
兵部尚书杜如晦检校侍中
appoint · New Book of Tang, 太宗本纪
兵部尚书杜如晦检校侍中，
confer title · New Book of Tang, 宰相表上
5 more verified quotations in the relationship records below.
- Literature / legend1 profile notes
Journey to the West
0 relations0 verified quotations
History vs. fiction
The romance depicts his early association with greenwood heroes
- based on factWhat are the differences in the records about Du Ruhui before and after Wagang Stockade?
The 'Old Book of Tang, Biography of Du Ruhui' records Fang Xuanling's recommendation of him to Taizong: 'Du Ruhui is intelligent and discerning, a talent fit to assist a king.' The novel 'Romance of Sui and Tang' (chapter 046) invents his dealings with Shan Xiongxin and other greenwood figures: "Li Rugui took Du Ruhui and Qi Guoyuan back to his lodging and set out wine and food. Du Ruhui said, 'I just now passed the gate of the commander's residence...'"
Relationship network
- confer title← Li Shimin → Du Ruhuihist × litNew Book of Tang, 太宗本纪New Book of Tang, 宰相表上New Book of Tang, 选举志下New Book of Tang, 高祖诸子传Old Book of Tang, 儒学传上Old Book of Tang, 太宗本纪上Old Book of Tang, 太宗本纪下Old Book of Tang, 房玄龄杜如晦传Old Book of Tang, 高士廉长孙无忌传
Original text (8)
下诏以府属杜如晦等十八人为学士
Original relation: act as scholar · Old Book of Tang, 儒学传上
行台司勋郎中杜如晦等十有八人为学士
Original relation: scholar · Old Book of Tang, 太宗本纪上
诏以少牢祭杜如晦、杜淹、李纲之墓
Original relation: sacrifice · Old Book of Tang, 太宗本纪下
论功行赏，以玄龄及长孙无忌、杜如晦、尉迟敬德、侯君集五人为第一
Original relation: reward · Old Book of Tang, 房玄龄杜如晦传
与如晦，君臣义重
Original relation: ruler-subject · Old Book of Tang, 房玄龄杜如晦传
改封莱国公
兵部尚书杜如晦检校侍中
Original relation: appoint · New Book of Tang, 太宗本纪
兵部尚书杜如晦检校侍中，
- assistDu Ruhui → Li Shiminhist × litNew Book of Tang, 房玄龄玄龄次子 遗爱杜如晦如晦弟 楚客如晦叔父 淹如晦五世孙 元颖元颖从子 审权等传Old Book of Tang, 房玄龄杜如晦传Old Book of Tang, 礼仪志六Romance of Sui and Tang, 066
Original text (4)
因与府属杜如晦同心戮力
尚书右仆射莱国公杜如晦
Original relation: accompanied sacrifice · Old Book of Tang, 礼仪志六
杜如晦、长孙无忌排闼而入
秦王引为府兵曹参军
Original relation: ruler-subject · New Book of Tang, 房玄龄玄龄次子 遗爱杜如晦如晦弟 楚客如晦叔父 淹如晦五世孙 元颖元颖从子 审权等传
Original text (2)
赐物千段
遣使奠于灵座
Original relation: pay respects · Old Book of Tang, 房玄龄杜如晦传
Original text (1)
后从征薛仁杲、刘武周、王世充、窦建德
Original text (1)
太宗忽梦见如晦若平生
Original text (1)
无忌与尉迟敬德、侯君集、张公谨、刘师立、公孙武达、独孤彦云、杜君绰、郑仁恭、李孟尝讨难
New Book of Tang, 长孙无忌从父 敞从父弟 操子 诠族叔 顺德褚遂良曾 孙璆韩瑗来济异母兄 恒李义琰等传
- colleague← Fang Xuanling → Du Ruhuihist × litNew Book of Tang, 房玄龄玄龄次子 遗爱杜如晦如晦弟 楚客如晦叔父 淹如晦五世孙 元颖元颖从子 审权等传Old Book of Tang, 房玄龄杜如晦传
Original text (2)
Original text (1)
记室房玄龄曰：“府僚去者虽多，盖不足惜。杜如晦聪明识达，王佐才也
Original text (1)
与房玄龄共掌朝政
Original text (1)
杜如晦趋近前举手问道
Original text (1)
疏瑀亲伦，瑀心不能平
Original text (1)
乃与玄龄同被斥逐
- fifth-generation grandson← Du Yuanying → Du RuhuilitNew Book of Tang, 房玄龄玄龄次子 遗爱杜如晦如晦弟 楚客如晦叔父 淹如晦五世孙 元颖元颖从子 审权等传
Original text (1)
- uncle-nephew← Du Yan → Du Ruhuihist × litNew Book of Tang, 房玄龄玄龄次子 遗爱杜如晦如晦弟 楚客如晦叔父 淹如晦五世孙 元颖元颖从子 审权等传Old Book of Tang, 房玄龄杜如晦传
Original text (2)
Original text (1)
如晦感其言，请于太宗，淹遂蒙恩宥