CIVILIZATION DOSSIER
Zhang Song张松
Biejia of Yi Province, secretly presented the map of Western Sichuan to Liu Bei, was killed when the plot was exposed.
- DIRECT FIGURES
- 5
- RELATION RECORDS
- 12
- SOURCE WORKS
- 2
RELATIONSHIP COMPASS
Zhang Song, and the people around them.
Open one chapter at a time. Each chapter gives the relationship first, then the source text behind it.
01ALLEGIANCEAllegiance
Rulers, appointments and allegiance
4 figures · 7 records＋
Allegiance
Rulers, appointments and allegiance
Zhang Song→Liu Beiinsider
Liu Zhang—Zhang Songsubordinate
Zhang Song→Cao Caogo on mission
Zhang Song→Fa Zhengfriendly
02CONFLICTConflict
Battles, captures and defeat
3 figures · 3 records＋
Conflict
Battles, captures and defeat
Cao Cao→Zhang Songslight
Liu Zhang→Zhang Songslay
Yang Xiu→Zhang Songdebate
03THE UNSEENMythic acts
Transformation, aid and divine punishment
1 figure · 2 records＋
Mythic acts
Transformation, aid and divine punishment
Liu Bei→Zhang Songtreat generously
8 key relationships are shown here. The complete record remains below.
In history · Records of the Three Kingdoms
Biejia of Liu Zhang, advised Liu Zhang to welcome Liu Bei, later killed when the plot was exposed.; Biejia of Liu Zhang, advised Zhang to break with Cao Cao and bring Liu Bei into Shu.; Biejia of Yi Province, conspired with Fa Zheng to welcome Liu Bei.
In fiction · Romance of the Three Kingdoms
Zhang Song was a Biejia under Liu Zhang, governor of Yi Province. Liu Zhang sent him as an envoy to Xudu, and Zhang Song secretly drew a map of Sichuan's geography and hid it. Later he presented the map to Liu Bei, willing to be an internal ally. When the plot was exposed, he was killed.
Across source works
How this figure changes across texts
Works are shown side by side, not as a chronology. No influence between texts is inferred.
- Literature / legend2 profile notes
Romance of the Three Kingdoms
8 relations8 verified quotations- Cao Cao→ slight →Zhang Song
- Zhang Song→ go on mission →Cao Cao
- Zhang Song→ insider →Liu Bei
- Zhang Song→ present map →Liu Bei
Verified original text · 8
操先见张松人物猥琐，五分不喜；又闻语言冲撞，遂拂袖而起
slight · Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 60
遣张松为使。松乃暗画四川地理图本藏之
go on mission · Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 60
6 more verified quotations in the relationship records below.
- Official history4 profile notes
Records of the Three Kingdoms
5 relations6 verified quotations- Zhang Song→ insider →Liu Bei
- Liu Bei→ accept →Zhang Song
- Liu Zhang→ subordinate →Zhang Song
- Zhang Song→ friendly →Fa Zheng
Verified original text · 6
张松，州之股肱，以响应于内
insider · Records of the Three Kingdoms, 蜀书·庞统法正传
备前见张松，后得法正，皆厚以恩意接纳
accept · Records of the Three Kingdoms, 蜀书·先主传
4 more verified quotations in the relationship records below.
History vs. fiction
The process of Zhang Song's plot being exposed
- based on factWas Zhang Song's exposure due to him drunkenly dropping a secret letter that was picked up by Zhang Su's attendant?
Not so. The official history 'Records of the Three Kingdoms, Book of Shu, Biography of the Former Lord' records: 'Song's elder brother, Guanghan Administrator Su, fearing disaster would implicate himself, informed Zhang about the plot. Thereupon Zhang arrested and executed Song.' The official history only records that Zhang Su, out of fear of being implicated, reported his younger brother. Chapter 62 of 'Romance of the Three Kingdoms' fabricates the plot point that Zhang Song 'accidentally dropped this letter on the ground, and it was picked up by Su's attendant,' rewriting the simple act of self-preservation into an exposure due to carelessly dropping the letter.
Relationship network
Original text (1)
操先见张松人物猥琐，五分不喜；又闻语言冲撞，遂拂袖而起
Original text (1)
遣张松为使。松乃暗画四川地理图本藏之
- insiderZhang Song → Liu Beihist × litRecords of the Three Kingdoms, 蜀书·庞统法正传Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 62
Original text (2)
Original text (1)
松于袖中取出一图，递与玄德曰：“深感明公盛德，敢献此图
Original text (1)
备前见张松，后得法正，皆厚以恩意接纳
Original text (1)
玄德曰：“久闻大夫高名，如雷灌耳
- subordinate← Liu Zhang → Zhang SonghistRecords of the Three Kingdoms, 蜀书·先主传Records of the Three Kingdoms, 蜀书·刘二牧传
Original text (2)
别驾从事蜀郡张松说璋
璋复遣别驾张松诣曹公
Original relation: dispatch · Records of the Three Kingdoms, 蜀书·刘二牧传
Original text (1)
遂下令捉张松全家，尽斩于市
Original text (1)
松曰：“某闻许都曹操，扫荡中原
Original text (1)
益州别驾张松与正相善
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
修亦自恃其才，小觑天下之士。当时见张松言语讥讽，遂邀出外面书院中