CIVILIZATION DOSSIER
Pan Renmei潘仁美
Military governor of Zhongwu Army, later commander-in-chief of Yun, Ying, and Shuo prefectures.
- DIRECT FIGURES
- 23
- RELATION RECORDS
- 32
- SOURCE WORKS
- 2
RELATIONSHIP COMPASS
Pan Renmei, and the people around them.
Open one chapter at a time. Each chapter gives the relationship first, then the source text behind it.
01ALLEGIANCEAllegiance
Rulers, appointments and allegiance
17 figures · 18 records+
Allegiance
Rulers, appointments and allegiance
Emperor Taizu of Song→Pan Renmeiappoint
Emperor Taizong of Song→Pan Renmeiappoint
Emperor Zhenzong of Song→Pan Renmeiaccompanied sacrifice
Pan Renmei—Yang Yedeputy general
Emperor Taizong→Pan Renmeiappoint
02CONFLICTConflict
Battles, captures and defeat
9 figures · 12 records+
Conflict
Battles, captures and defeat
Pan Renmei→Yang Yecaused death in battle
Pan Renmei→Liu Yancatch
Pan Renmei→Hu Yanzanframe
Pan Renmei→Li Yudefeat
Cao Bin→Pan Renmeiwork together
03THE UNSEENMythic acts
Transformation, aid and divine punishment
2 figures · 2 records+
Mythic acts
Transformation, aid and divine punishment
Hu Yanzan→Pan Renmeiaid
Guo Jin→Pan Renmeisave
12 key relationships are shown here. The complete record remains below.
In history · History of Song
Military governor of Zhongwu Army, later commander-in-chief of Yun, Ying, and Shuo prefectures.; Military governor of Zhongwu Army, prefect of Zhenzhou, later died; Military governor of Shannan East Circuit, military inspector.
In fiction · Generals of the Yang Family
Commissioner of Military Affairs, military inspector; Song general, participated in the campaign against Hedong, later fought with Huyan Zan.; Song dynasty commissioner of military affairs, plotted to frame Huyan Zan.
Across source works
How this figure changes across texts
Works are shown side by side, not as a chronology. No influence between texts is inferred.
- Official history41 profile notes
History of Song
22 relations30 verified quotations- Emperor Zhenzong of Song→ accompanied sacrifice →Pan Renmei
- Emperor Taizu of Song→ appoint →Pan Renmei
- Pan Renmei→ ruler-subject →Emperor Taizu of Song
- Emperor Taizong→ appoint →Pan Renmei
Verified original text · 30
忠武军节度使赠中书令潘美…………配飨太宗庙庭
accompanied sacrifice · History of Song, 真宗本纪一
山南东道节度使潘美为都监
appoint · History of Song, 太祖本纪三
28 more verified quotations in the relationship records below.
- Literature / legend16 profile notes
Generals of the Yang Family
13 relations21 verified quotations- Emperor Taizu of Song→ appoint →Pan Renmei
- Emperor Taizong of Song→ appoint →Pan Renmei
- Yang Yanzhao→ enemy →Pan Renmei
- Pan Renmei→ caused death in battle →Yang Ye
Verified original text · 21
以潘仁美为监军
appoint supervisor · Generals of the Yang Family, ch. 3
太宗览奏,大怒曰:“潘仁美何得擅专杀伐
interrogate · Generals of the Yang Family, ch. 6
19 more verified quotations in the relationship records below.
History vs. fiction
The dual nature of Pan Mei (Renmei): loyal minister vs. villain
Historically, as stated in the 'History of Song: Biography of Yang Ye', 'In the third year of Yongxi, the great army marched north, with Pan Mei, the military governor of Zhongwu Army, as the chief commander of the Yun and Ying circuits, and Yang Ye was appointed as his deputy, with Wang Shen, the director of the Western Upper Pavilion and prefect of Wei Prefecture, and Liu Wenyu, the director of the Military Equipment Depot and the regimental commander of Shun Prefecture, to supervise the army.' However, in the novel 'Romance of the Yang Family Generals, Chapter 3', he is completely stereotyped, describing: 'Pivot Minister Pan Renmei also memorialized to personally lead the expedition.'
Relationship network
Original text (1)
忠武军节度使赠中书令潘美…………配飨太宗庙庭
- appoint← Emperor Taizu of Song → Pan Renmeihist × litHistory of Song, 太祖本纪三History of Song, 曹彬璨玮琮潘美李超传Generals of the Yang Family, ch. 3
Original text (4)
山南东道节度使潘美为都监
遣侍卫马军都指挥使党进、宣徽北院使潘美伐北汉
太祖遇美素厚,及受禅,命美先往见执政
Original relation: promote · History of Song, 曹彬璨玮琮潘美李超传
以潘仁美为监军
Original relation: appoint supervisor · Generals of the Yang Family, ch. 3
Original text (1)
太祖遇美素厚,及受禅,命美先往见执政
Original text (2)
潘美为宣徽南院使
以宣徽南院使潘美为北路都招讨制置使
Original text (1)
- appoint← Emperor Taizong of Song → Pan RenmeilitGenerals of the Yang Family, ch. 6Generals of the Yang Family, ch. 7Generals of the Yang Family, ch. 15Generals of the Yang Family, ch. 16Generals of the Yang Family, ch. 17
Original text (5)
太宗览奏,大怒曰:“潘仁美何得擅专杀伐
Original relation: interrogate · Generals of the Yang Family, ch. 6
以潘仁美为北路都招讨使
以招讨使潘仁美、呼延赞、高怀德副之
潘仁美奏曰
Original relation: ruler-subject · Generals of the Yang Family, ch. 16
授仁美招付使之职
Original relation: appoint to office · Generals of the Yang Family, ch. 17
Original text (1)
潘美、田重进等会兵以进
Original text (1)
潘美帅步兵继进。
Original text (1)
潘美帅步兵继进
Original text (1)
此必是问仁美取救兵,言语相激,致被老贼所害
- caused death in battlePan Renmei → Yang Yehist × litHistory of Song, 曹彬潘美传History of Song, 曹彬璨玮琮潘美李超传Generals of the Yang Family, ch. 18Generals of the Yang Family, ch. 20
Original text (5)
战于陈家谷口,不利,骁将杨业死之
会辽兵奄至,战于陈家谷口,不利,骁将杨业死之
Original relation: 致其死 · History of Song, 曹彬璨玮琮潘美李超传
我深恨杨业父子,怀恨莫伸。
Original relation: plot against · Generals of the Yang Family, ch. 18
仁美怒曰:“敌兵临寨,何所抵对?倘总管一月不到,尚待一月那?今若推延不出,我当申奏朝廷,看汝能逃罪否?”
Original relation: coerce · Generals of the Yang Family, ch. 18
潘仁美向怀私怨,包藏祸心
Original relation: frame · Generals of the Yang Family, ch. 20
- deputy generalPan Renmei → Yang Yehist × litHistory of Song, 太宗本纪二Generals of the Yang Family, ch. 17
Original text (2)
潘美为云、应、朔等州都部署,云州观察使杨业副之
必须雄州召回杨业父子
Original relation: recommend · Generals of the Yang Family, ch. 17
Original text (1)
仁美闻言大怒,问阵中:“谁先出马,擒此匹夫?”
- framePan Renmei → Hu YanzanlitGenerals of the Yang Family, ch. 5Generals of the Yang Family, ch. 6Generals of the Yang Family, ch. 18
Original text (3)
令手下,依法施行
潘仁美每生计害之
可令呼延赞前去催运。
Original relation: 调离 · Generals of the Yang Family, ch. 18
Original text (1)
我遭此贼毒手,性命几丧
Original text (1)
赞杀散追兵,保仁美而回
Original text (1)
仁美允其议,即令赞前去
Original text (1)
Original text (2)
金陵平,以功拜宣徽北院使
美率精锐以短兵接战,因与大将曹彬率士晨夜攻城
Original text (1)
与部署潘美同领缘边兵马。
Original text (1)
潘美败契丹之师于雁门
- catchPan Renmei → Liu YanhistHistory of Song, 世家四南汉刘氏刘𬬮(龚澄枢李托薛崇誉潘崇彻)传History of Song, 太祖本纪二History of Song, 曹彬潘美传History of Song, 曹彬璨玮琮潘美李超传
Original text (4)
美擒𬬮及龚澄枢、李托、薛崇誉
俘刘𬬮
Original relation: capture · History of Song, 太祖本纪二
擒𬬮送京师
岭南刘𬬮数寇桂阳、江华,美击走之
Original relation: defeat · History of Song, 曹彬璨玮琮潘美李超传
Original text (1)
太祖命潭州防御使潘美、朗州团练使尹崇珂讨之
Original text (2)
美以中涓事世宗
美以中涓事世宗
Original relation: serve master · History of Song, 曹彬璨玮琮潘美李超传
Original text (1)
诏美及曹彬、崔彦进等北伐
Original text (1)
李重进叛,太祖亲征,命石守信为招讨使,美为行营都监以副之
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
郭进看见,一骑抢出,救之而还。
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
又从兵马都监丁德裕等率兵克郴州
Original text (1)