CIVILIZATION DOSSIER
Cai Mao蔡瑁
A general under Liu Biao, later surrendered to Cao Cao and served as commander of the navy.
- DIRECT FIGURES
- 7
- RELATION RECORDS
- 10
- SOURCE WORKS
- 2
RELATIONSHIP COMPASS
Cai Mao, and the people around them.
Open one chapter at a time. Each chapter gives the relationship first, then the source text behind it.
01ALLEGIANCEAllegiance
Rulers, appointments and allegiance
2 figures · 3 records＋
Allegiance
Rulers, appointments and allegiance
Liu Biao—Cai Maolord-minister
Cao Cao→Cai Maoreward
02CONFLICTConflict
Battles, captures and defeat
6 figures · 7 records＋
Conflict
Battles, captures and defeat
Cai Mao→Liu Beiplot against
Cao Cao→Cai Maoslay
Wei Yan→Cai Maorebuke
Cheng Pu→Cai Maodefeat
Huang Gai—Cai Maobattle
Cai Mao→Liu Qiblock
8 key relationships are shown here. The complete record remains below.
In history · Records of the Three Kingdoms
A general under Liu Biao.
In fiction · Romance of the Three Kingdoms
Cai Mao was a general under Liu Biao, holding military power in Jingzhou. He opposed accepting Liu Bei and plotted to harm him, but was scolded by Liu Biao. After Liu Biao's death, he surrendered to Cao Cao and served as commander of the navy. Later, Cao Cao mistakenly believed Jiang Gan's words and had him executed.
Across source works
How this figure changes across texts
Works are shown side by side, not as a chronology. No influence between texts is inferred.
- Literature / legend8 profile notes
Romance of the Three Kingdoms
10 relations11 verified quotations- Cao Cao→ slay →Cai Mao
- Cao Cao→ reward →Cai Mao
- Liu Bei→ pursue and kill →Cai Mao
- Cai Mao→ plot against →Liu Bei
Verified original text · 11
操喝武士推出斩之
slay · Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 45
操遂加瑁为镇南侯
reward · Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 41
9 more verified quotations in the relationship records below.
- Official history1 profile notes
Records of the Three Kingdoms
1 relations1 verified quotations- Liu Biao→ lord-minister →Cai Mao
Verified original text · 1
延中庐人蒯良、蒯越、襄阳人蔡瑁与谋。
subordinate general · Records of the Three Kingdoms, 魏书·董二袁刘传
History vs. fiction
The fate of Cai Mao
- novel inventionThe fate of Cai Mao.
The novel describes that Cai Mao was framed by Zhou Yu using a stratagem of sowing discord (Jiang Gan stealing the letter), and Cao Cao mistakenly believed that he was colluding with Wu and had him beheaded (Chapter 45 of Romance of the Three Kingdoms: "Cao was furious... and ordered the warriors to drag him out and behead him."). In official history, it is only recorded that Cai Mao was a supporter of Liu Cong, and followed Liu Cong in surrendering to Cao Cao; the main text does not record that he was wrongly killed by Cao Cao due to the stratagem of sowing discord (Records of the Three Kingdoms, Book of Wei, Biography of Liu Biao: "Liu Biao and his wife loved their younger son Cong, and wanted to make him heir, and Cai Mao and Zhang Yun were their supporters.").
Relationship network
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
- lord-minister← Liu Biao → Cai Maohist × litRecords of the Three Kingdoms, 魏书·董二袁刘传Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 6Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 35
Original text (3)
随令蒯越、蔡瑁引兵一万来截孙坚。
表大怒，急唤蔡瑁责骂曰
Original relation: scold · Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 35
延中庐人蒯良、蒯越、襄阳人蔡瑁与谋。
Original relation: subordinate general · Records of the Three Kingdoms, 魏书·董二袁刘传
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
蔡瑁、张允，卖国之贼
Original text (1)
程普挺铁脊矛出马，与蔡瑁交战。不到数合，蔡瑁败走
Original text (1)
黄盖挥鞭打瑁，正中护心镜。
Original text (1)