CIVILIZATION DOSSIER
Zhang Xiu张绣
Nephew of Zhang Ji, he held Wancheng, later surrendered to Cao Cao then rebelled, and finally submitted and was appointed General of Martial Valor.
- DIRECT FIGURES
- 7
- RELATION RECORDS
- 14
- SOURCE WORKS
- 2
RELATIONSHIP COMPASS
Zhang Xiu, and the people around them.
Open one chapter at a time. Each chapter gives the relationship first, then the source text behind it.
01KINSHIPKinship
Blood, marriage and sworn bonds
1 figure · 1 record＋
Kinship
Blood, marriage and sworn bonds
Zhang Ji—Zhang Xiuuncle-nephew
02ALLEGIANCEAllegiance
Rulers, appointments and allegiance
4 figures · 6 records＋
Allegiance
Rulers, appointments and allegiance
Zhang Xiu→Cao Caosurrender
Jia Xu—Zhang Xiustrategist
Zhang Xiu→Liu Biaorequest aid
Liu Ye→Zhang Xiuoffer amnesty
03CONFLICTConflict
Battles, captures and defeat
4 figures · 5 records＋
Conflict
Battles, captures and defeat
Zhang Xiu—Cao Caobattle
Liu Biao→Zhang Xiuunite
Li Tong→Zhang Xiudefeat
Dian Wei→Zhang Xiudie in battle
04THE UNSEENMythic acts
Transformation, aid and divine punishment
2 figures · 2 records＋
Mythic acts
Transformation, aid and divine punishment
Liu Biao→Zhang Xiuaid
Zhang Xiu→Jia Xuuse strategy
11 key relationships are shown here. The complete record remains below.
In history · Records of the Three Kingdoms
A native of Zuli, Wuwei, a clansman of Zhang Ji, he first surrendered then rebelled, and later surrendered to Cao Cao again. A warlord, he once submitted to Cao Cao and then rebelled. When he fought against Cao Cao, Li Tong assisted and defeated him.
In fiction · Romance of the Three Kingdoms
Zhang Xiu, nephew of Zhang Ji, after Ji's death took command of his followers and stationed at Wancheng. When Cao Cao campaigned against him, Xiu surrendered, but later rebelled because Cao Cao took his aunt as a concubine, and joined with Liu Biao to attack Cao's army. At Jia Xu's persuasion, he surrendered to Cao Cao again and was appointed General of Martial Valor.
Across source works
How this figure changes across texts
Works are shown side by side, not as a chronology. No influence between texts is inferred.
- Literature / legend4 profile notes
Romance of the Three Kingdoms
10 relations13 verified quotations- Zhang Xiu→ battle →Cao Cao
- Zhang Xiu→ surrender →Cao Cao
- Cao Cao→ suppress →Zhang Xiu
- Cao Cao→ appoint general →Zhang Xiu
Verified original text · 13
操贼辱我太甚！
rebel · Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 16
张绣亲驱勇壮杀来。曹军大败
battle · Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 18
11 more verified quotations in the relationship records below.
- Official history8 profile notes
Records of the Three Kingdoms
10 relations12 verified quotations- Zhang Xiu→ battle →Cao Cao
- Zhang Xiu→ surrender →Cao Cao
- Cao Cao→ suppress →Zhang Xiu
- Cao Cao→ appoint general →Zhang Xiu
Verified original text · 12
绣败太祖军於宛。
battle · Records of the Three Kingdoms, 魏书·荀彧荀攸贾诩传
绣等举众降
subjugate · Records of the Three Kingdoms, 魏书·公孙陶四张传
10 more verified quotations in the relationship records below.
History vs. fiction
Whether Liu Biao participated in pursuing Cao Cao
- based on factIn official history, Zhang Xiu pursued Cao Cao alone, while the novel adds Liu Biao going along.
In official history, Zhang Xiu pursued Cao Cao alone, but the novel adds the plot of Liu Biao urging Zhang Xiu and going along in pursuit. The Records of the Three Kingdoms records: 'The太祖 (Cao Cao) attacked him, and one morning led his troops back. Xiu pursued him himself. Jia Xu said to Xiu: "Do not pursue; if you pursue, you will surely lose." Xiu did not listen, advanced and fought, and was greatly defeated and returned.' In Chapter 18 of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, it is changed to: 'Liu Biao said: "If we do not pursue today, we will miss the opportunity." He strongly urged Xiu to lead more than ten thousand troops to pursue together. After traveling about ten li, they caught up with Cao Cao's rear troops. Cao's troops fought with all their might, and both Xiu and Biao's armies were greatly defeated and returned.'
Relationship network
- battleZhang Xiu → Cao Caohist × litRecords of the Three Kingdoms, 魏书·荀彧荀攸贾诩传Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 16Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 18
Original text (3)
操贼辱我太甚！
Original relation: rebel · Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 16
张绣亲驱勇壮杀来。曹军大败
绣败太祖军於宛。
- surrenderZhang Xiu → Cao Caohist × litRecords of the Three Kingdoms, 魏书·公孙陶四张传Records of the Three Kingdoms, 魏书·荀彧荀攸贾诩传Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 23
Original text (3)
绣大喜，即同贾诩等赴许都投降
绣等举众降
Original relation: subjugate · Records of the Three Kingdoms, 魏书·公孙陶四张传
绣从之，率众归太祖。
- suppress← Cao Cao → Zhang Xiuhist × litRecords of the Three Kingdoms, 魏书·武帝纪Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 17
Original text (2)
操即奏张绣作乱，当兴兵伐之
公与战，军败，为流矢所中
Original relation: defeat · Records of the Three Kingdoms, 魏书·武帝纪
- appoint general← Cao Cao → Zhang Xiuhist × litRecords of the Three Kingdoms, 魏书·公孙陶四张传Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 23
Original text (2)
封绣为扬武将军
太祖南征，军淯水，绣等举众降
Original relation: accept surrender · Records of the Three Kingdoms, 魏书·公孙陶四张传
Original text (1)
刘表、张绣军会合，见操兵少
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
急发书报刘表，使为后应
- strategist← Jia Xu → Zhang Xiuhist × litRecords of the Three Kingdoms, 魏书·荀彧荀攸贾诩传Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 18Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 23
Original text (4)
贾诩料知曹操之意……乃谓张绣曰
诩曰：“今可整兵再往追之。”
Original relation: offer plan · Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 18
不如去从曹操
Original relation: persuade · Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 23
张绣在南阳，诩阴结绣，绣遣人迎诩。
Original relation: seek refuge · Records of the Three Kingdoms, 魏书·荀彧荀攸贾诩传
Original text (1)
贾诩见如此光景，便谓张绣曰
Original text (1)
绣从贾诩计，复以众降
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
Original text (1)
……创重发，瞋目大骂而死
- uncle-nephew← Zhang Ji → Zhang Xiuhist × litRecords of the Three Kingdoms, 魏书·公孙陶四张传Records of the Three Kingdoms, 魏书·董二袁刘传Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ch. 16
Original text (3)
从子绣摄其众
济侄张绣统其众
骠骑将军济族子也
Original relation: clan nephew · Records of the Three Kingdoms, 魏书·公孙陶四张传